Links to Topics

Click on the topic you would like to see. If it is not underlined, and you can’t click on it, we haven’t covered it yet. Please check back because we are updating all the time! Just trying to do our bit, and Good Luck!

NOTE: If a topic has *** next to it, it is not totally complete, either histo or embryo may be missing. If you would like to complete it, let us know. We’ll add it in, and help everyone .  Of course credit will be given to you.  

NEW!!! Link to PDF versions of Topics !!!!

NEW!!!! Flash Cards for Practical Exam:

anatomy cards

QUESTIONS FOR THE FINAL EXAMINATION (Theoretical part)

Head & Neck Topics

1. Arteries, veins and lymphatic dranaige of the head and neck. The epithelial tissue. The development of blood vessels.

2. The somatosensory and somatomotor innervation of the head and neck. The cells of the connective tissue. The development of the neurocranium.

3. The viscerosensory and visceromotor innervation of the head and neck. The fibers of the connective tissue, the extracellular matrix. The development of the viscerocranium.

4. The muscles and fasciae of the head and neck. The histology of the hypophysis. The development of the face.

5. The anatomy of the oral cavity and salivary glands. The histology of the tongue and salivary glands. The development of the oral and nasal cavities.

6. The anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The skeletal and smooth muscle tissues. The development of the pharyngeal gut.

7. The anatomy, histology and development of the pharynx, larynx and thyroid gland.

30. The anatomy, histology and development of the teeth.

Thorax Topics

8. The anatomy and histology of the trachea and lung. The development of the respiratory tract. ***

9. The valves of the heart. The histology and development of the heart.

10. The absolute and relative dullness of the heart. Surface projection of the contour and valves of the heart. The histology of the blood. The formation of platelets, monocytes and lymphocytes (thrombopoesis, monocytopoesis, lymphopoesis).

11. The fibrous skeleton and chambers of the heart. The histology of the red bone marrow. Formation of red blood cells (erythropoesis).

12. The blood vessels of the heart. Conducting system (innervation) of the heart The histology of blood vessels. The formation of granulocytes

13. The mediastinum. The histology of the esophagus. Fertilization and cleavage.***

14. The pleura and pericardium. Bone formation. Formation of the blastocyst and the bilaminar germ disc.***

15. The bones, muscle, fasciae, nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic dranaige of the thoracic wall. The histology of the mammary gland. The formation and differentiation of the extraembryonic mesoderm.

16. Lymphatic dranaige of thoracic organs. The diaphragm. The histology of the skin. Implantation. Formation and differentiation of the trophoblast. Early phases of placentation.

Abdomen Topics

17. The abdominal wall. The inguinal region. The histology of the lymphatic node.Gastrulation, early differentiation of the intraembryonic mesoderm.

18. The peritoneum. The peritoneal cavity. The development of the peritoneum.. The histology of tonsils.

19. The anatomy, histology and development of the stomach.

20. The anatomy, histology and development of the small intestine.

21. The anatomy, histology and development of the large intestine.

22. The anatomy, histology and development of the liver and biliary ducts and gallbladder.

23. The anatomy, histology and development of the pancreas.

24. The anatomy and histology of the spleen. Differentiation of the ectoderm.

25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pineal body. Differentiation of the entoderm, folding of the embryo.

26. The anatomy and development of the vertebral column. The histology of the thymus.

27. The portal vein. The portal-systemic anastomoses. The lymphatic dranaige of the abdominal and pelvic organs.Development of the 2 external features of the fetus. External features of a matured newborn. Twin pernancy. Fetal membranes in twins The histology of the suprarenal gland. .

28. The retroperitoneum. Development of body cavities. The histology of the parathyroid gland.

Pelvis Topics

29. The anatomy, histology and development of the kidney.

31. The anatomy, histology and development of the ovary.

32. The anatomy, histology and development of the uterine tube and uterus.

33. The anatomy and development of the female external genital organs. The histology of the vagina.

34. The anatomy, histology and development of the testis, epididymis and ductus deferens.

35. The anatomy, histology and development of the seminal vesicle and prostate gland.

36. The anatomy, histology and development of the ureter, urinary vesicle and urethra.

37. The anatomy, histology and development of the penis.***

38. The perineum. The formation of the placenta. The structure of the matured placenta. ***

39. Bones, muscles and ligaments of the pelvis. The blood vessels and nerves of the pelvis. The bone tissue. Gastrulation, early differentiation of the intraembryonic mesoderm.

40. Autonomic innervation of the abdominal and pelvic organs. The cartilage tissue. Fetal membranes. Umbilical cord. Amniotic fluid. Fetal circulation.